Search Results for: Cry1Ac

Abstract: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), considered a safe insecticide, produces insecticidal proteins named Cry during sporulation, which possess exceptional immunological properties. In this work using an immunohistochemical test we demonstrated that Cry1Ac protoxin (pCry1Ac) binds to the mucosal surface of the mouse small intestine. Ligand blot assay allowed us to detect, under denaturing conditions, six pCry1Ac-binding …

Abstract: Transgenic Cry1Ac + CpTI cotton (CCRI41) is increasingly planted throughout China. However, negative effects of this cultivar on the honey bee Apis mellifera L., the most important pollinator for cultivated ecosystem, remained poorly investigated. The objective of our study was to evaluate the potential side effects of transgenic Cry1Ac + CpTI pollen from cotton …

Abstract: BACKGROUND. The pink bollworm is one of the most destructive pests of cotton. Transgenic cotton producing Bt toxin Cry1Ac or a combination of Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab2 has been used effectively against this pest. However, some other insects have evolved resistance to Bt toxins in the field. During the 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 seasons, pink bollworm …

Abstract: Cry1Ac toxin, from Bacillus thuringiensis, is widely used as a biopesticide and expressed in genetically modified (GM) plants used for human and animal consumption. Since Cry1Ac is also immunogenic and able to activate macrophages, it is crucial to thoroughly evaluate the immunological effects elicited after intra-gastric administration. The allergenic potential of purified Cry1Ac was …

Abstract: High levels of expression of the cry1Ac gene from Bacillus thuringiensis cannot be routinely achieved in transgenic plants despite modifications made in the gene to improve its expression. This has been attributed to the instability of the transcript in a few reports. In the present study, based on the genetic transformation of cotton and …

Abstract: Recently we demonstrated that recombinant Cry1Ac protoxin from Bacillus thuringiensis is a potent systemic and mucosal immunogen. In this study we compared the adjuvant effects of Cry1Ac and cholera toxin (CT) for the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and bovine serum albumin (BSA). The antibody responses of intestinal secretions and serum were determined by …

Abstract: The spore-forming soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis produces parasporal inclusion bodies composed by delta-endotoxins also known as Cry proteins, whose resistance to proteolysis, stability in highly alkaline pH and innocuity to vertebrates make them an interesting candidate to carrier of relevant epitopes in vaccines. The purpose of this study was to determine the mucosal and …

Abstract: BACKGROUND The inheritance and phenotypic expression of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ac insecticidal protein were studied in selected populations of pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders), that were collected from Bollgard cotton in India. The individual populations in the pool were Cry1Ac resistant and sourced from Cry1Ac‐containing Bt cotton (Bollgard) hybrids in 2010. RESULTS Laboratory …

Abstract: The present paper describes important features of the immune response induced by the Cry1Ac protein from Bacillus thuringiensis in mice. The kinetics of induction of serum and mucosal antibodies showed an immediate production of anti-Cry1Ac IgM and IgG antibodies in serum after the first immunization with the protoxin by either the intraperitoneal or intragastric …

Abstract: One strategy for delaying evolution of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis crystal (Cry) endotoxins is the production of multiple Cry toxins in each transgenic plant (gene stacking). This strategy relies upon the assumption that simultaneous evolution of resistance to toxins that have different modes of action will be difficult for insect pests. In B. thuringiensis-transgenic …

Abstract: The management of agroecosystems affects intricately linked assemblages of organisms, and nontarget species are not necessarily unimpacted. We examined the effect of Bt-cotton and of lepidopteran prey (Spodoptera exigua Hübner) that had ingested it on the adult survivorship of four important heteropteran predators of cotton pests. Longevity significantly decreased for Orius tristicolor White and …

Abstract: Insecticidal crystal toxins derived from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are widely used as biopesticide sprays or expressed in transgenic crops to control insect pests. However, large-scale use of Bt has led to field-evolved resistance in several lepidopteran pests. Resistance to Bt Cry1Ac toxin in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), was previously …

Abstract: Recently we discovered that the Cry1Ac protoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis administered to Balb/c mice intraperitoneally (i.p.) or intragastrically is a systemic and intestinal immunogen as potent as cholera toxin. To further characterize the mucosal immunogenicity of Cry1Ac we additionally tried the intranasal (i.n.) and rectal routes and used enzyme-linked immunoassays to determine anti-Cry1Ac antibody …

Abstract: Any novel protein introduced into the GM crops need to be evaluated for cross affinity on living organisms. Many researchers are currently focusing on the impact of Bacillus thuringiensis cotton on soil and microbial diversity by field experiments. In spite of this, in silico approach might be helpful to elucidate the impact of cry …

Abstract: Two populations of Trichoplusia ni that had developed resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) sprays in commercial greenhouse vegetable production were tested for their resistance to the pyramided Bt cotton (BollGard II) plants expressing Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab. The T. ni colonies resistant to Bt var. kurstaki (Btk) formulations were not only resistant to the Bt …

Abstract: The study of combined effects of pesticides represents a challenge for toxicology. In the case of the new growing generation of genetically modified (GM) plants with stacked traits, glyphosate‐based herbicides (like Roundup) residues are present in the Roundup‐tolerant edible plants (especially corns) and mixed with modified Bt insecticidal toxins that are produced by the GM plants …

Abstract: Research on non-target effects of transgenic crop plants has focused primarily on bitrophic, tritrophic and indirect effects of entomotoxins from Bacillus thuringiensis, but little work has considered intergenerational transfer of Cry proteins. This work reports a lepidopteran (Chlosyne lacinia) taking up a Bt entomotoxin when exposed to sublethal or low concentrations, transferring the entomotoxin …

Abstract: Formulated and sporulated cultures of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been widely used against insect pests, but after the advent of genetically modified plants expressing δ-endotoxins, the bioavailability of Cry proteins has been increased. For biosafety reasons their adverse effects should be studied, mainly for non-target organisms. Thus, we evaluated, in Swiss albino mice, the …

Abstract: The quantitative levels of CrylAc and the seasonal de cline in expression differed significantly among the eight commercial Bollgard hybrids tested. The CrylAc ex pression was found to be variable among the hybrids and also between different plant parts. The leaves of ßt-cotton plants were found to have the highest levels of CrylAc expression …

Abstract: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has been widely used in foliar sprays as part of integrated pest management strategies against insect pests of agricultural crops. Since the advent of genetically modified plants expressing Bt δ‐endotoxins, the bioavailability of Cry proteins has increased, and therefore for biosafety reasons their adverse effects should be studied, mainly for nontarget …

Abstract: We compared metabolic changes in transgenic maize lines (differing in genetic backgrounds and exogenous genes insertion) with non-transgenic counterparts. At the corn seedling stage, entirely expanding leaves were obtained from maize lines 1 (transgenic maize SK12-5; overexpressing cry1Ab/cry2Aj; parental maize ZD958), 2 (transgenic maize IE034; overexpressing cry1Ie; parental maize ZD958), 3 (transgenic maize Bt799; …

Abstract: Transgenic Bt-cotton is commercially cultivated on the rationale that it produces toxins that defend the plants primarily from caterpillars damaging cotton bolls. From the context of crop protection, it is important that these bollworms remain susceptible to the toxins, so that their populations are under check. However, if certain individuals are able to survive …

Abstract: Transgene outflow from genetically modified (GM) rice to its wild relatives may cause undesirable ecological consequences. Understanding the level of transgene expression in wild rice following gene flow is important for assessing such consequences, providing that transgene escape from GM rice cannot be prevented. To determine the expression of a transgene in common wild …

Abstract: Agricultural genetically modified (GM) plants are essentially plants which contain pesticides, because they were designed to tolerate or produce pesticides. In 2011, GM crops reached 160 million hectares, with 59 % of herbicide tolerance (mainly Roundup) mostly in soybean, maize, canola, cotton, 15 % of insecticide producing varieties and 26% combining both traits (James …