Ukugqithiselwa kweglyphosate kunye ne-AMPA ewohlokileyo kumanzi angaphezulu ngeenkqubo zogutyulo lwasezidolophini

Uphononongo lwe-glyphosate kunye ne-aminomethyl phosphonic acid (AMPA) yokudluliselwa kwi-Orge watershed (eFransi) yenziwa ngexesha le-2007 kunye ne-2008. Iisampulu zamanzi zaqokelelwa kumanzi angaphezulu, i-sewer yamanzi amdaka, i-storm sewer kunye neplanti yokucoca amanzi amdaka (WWTP). Ezi molekyuli zimbini zibonakala ngathi zezona zibonwa rhoqo emilanjeni kwaye zihlala zigqithisa umgangatho womgangatho waseYurophu we0.1 μg L.^-1 amanzi okusela. Umthwalo oqikelelwayo wonyaka we-glyphosate wawuyi-1.9 kg ngonyaka^-1 phezulu (kwindawo yezolimo) kunye ne-179.5 kg ngonyaka^-1 kwindawo yokukhupha amanzi (kwindawo yasedolophini). Esi siphumo sicebisa ukuba ukungcoliseka kwesi siseko nge-glyphosate ngokusisiseko sisuka kwimvelaphi yasezidolophini (izicelo zendlela kunye nololiwe). I-Glyphosate ifikelele kumanzi angaphezulu ngokuxhaphakileyo ngomjelo ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa amanzi amdaka ngexesha lokuna kwemvula. Ubuninzi bogxininiso luchongiwe kumjelo ohambisa amanzi amdaka emva nje kwesiganeko sokuna kwemvula (75–90 μg L^-1). Ukugxila okuphezulu kweglyphosate kumanzi angaphezulu ngexesha leziganeko zemvula kubonise impembelelo yokubaleka kwamanzi ezidolophini. I-AMPA yayisoloko ibonwa kwinkqubo yogutyulo. Le molekyuli ifikelele kumanzi aphezu komhlaba ikakhulu ngokusebenzisa amanzi amdaka e-WWTP nangombhobho ohambisa amanzi amdaka. Ukwahluka kwimigxinaniso ye-AMPA ngexesha le-hydrological episodes yayincinci xa kuthelekiswa nokwahluka kwe-glyphosate. Uphononongo lwethu lugxininisa ukuba imvelaphi ye-AMPA kunye ne-glyphosate kwindawo yasezidolophini yahlukile. Ngexesha lembalela, ukuthotywa kwezicoci kwabonakala kungowona mthombo we-AMPA kumanzi amdaka.