Journal or Publishing Institution: Chemosphere
Study: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045653509003567
Author(s): Tejada, M.
Article Type: Peer Reviewed Study
Record ID: 1973
Abstract: The aim of this paper was to study in laboratory the degradation and the effects on biological properties in two soils after the addition of glyphosate, diflufenican and glyphosate+diflufenican. One hundred grams of sieved soil (<2 mm) were mixed with (i) 13 mL of Zarpa® (16% glyphosate and 4% diflufenican) prepared in a water solution of 1 L (0.52 g of glyphosate and 2.08 g of diflufenican), (ii) 5.2 mL of Round up® (40% glyphosate), prepared in a water solution of 1 L (0.52 g of glyphosate), and (iii) 1.19 mL of Brodal® (43.5% diflufenican), prepared in a water solution of 1 L (2.08 g of diflufenican). Soil samples were collected after 0, 1, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120 and 180 d of incubation and analyzed for microbial biomass-C and dehydrogenase, urease, β-glucosidase, phosphatase, arylsulphatase activities and glyphosate and diflufenican contents. At the end of the experiment, in the clayey texture soil the glyphosate and diflufenican contents were higher 50% and 30.7%, respectively, for the glyphosate+diflufenican treatment compared to glyphosate and diflufenican treatments, respectively. In the sandy loam texture soil the glyphosate and diflufenican contents were higher (38.9% and 39.4%, respectively) when the glyphosate and diflufenican were added as Zarpa® than Round up® or Brodal®. The application of glyphosate+diflufenican mixture to soil increased the toxic effects of both herbicides in the soil biological activity and the individual soil persistence of each herbicide.
Keywords: Soil Biological Properties, Glyphosate, Diflufenican, Glyphosate+difluflenican; arylsulfatase, beta-glucosidase, biological activity in soil, clay soils, enzyme activity, herbicide residues, herbicides, oxidoreductases, phosphoric monoester hydrolases, polluted soils, sandy loam soils, soil enzymes, soil pollution, soil types, urease; rylsulphatase, heavy soils, phosphatases, redox enzymes, weedicides, weedkillers; Environmental Biodegradation, Biological Evolution, Biomass, Glycine, Herbicides, Niacinamide, Oxidoreductases, Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases, Soil Microbiology, Time Factors, Beta-Glucosidase; Metabolism, Analysis
Citation: Tejada, M., 2009. Evolution of soil biological properties after addition of glyphosate, diflufenican and glyphosate+ diflufenican herbicides. Chemosphere, 76(3), pp.365-373.
