Journal or Publishing Institution: Environmental Science and Pollution Research
Study: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-018-1676-0
Author(s): Liu, Y., Li, Y., Hua, X., Müller, K., Wang, H., Yang, T., Wang, Q., Peng, X., Wang, M., Pang, Y. and Qi, J.
Article Type: Peer Reviewed Study
Record ID: 1441
Abstract: Glyphosate is a non-selective organophosphate herbicide that is widely used in agriculture, but its effects on soil microbial communities are highly variable and often contradictory, especially for high dose applications. We applied glyphosate at two rates: the recommended rate of 50 mg active ingredient kg−1 soil and 10-fold this rate to simulate multiple glyphosate applications during a growing season. After 6 months, we investigated the effects on the composition of soil microbial community, the catabolic activity and the genetic diversity of the bacterial community using phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs), community level catabolic profiles (CLCPs), and 16S rRNA denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Microbial biomass carbon (Cmic) was reduced by 45%, and the numbers of the cultivable bacteria and fungi were decreased by 84 and 63%, respectively, under the higher glyphosate application rate. According to the PLFA analysis, the fungal biomass was reduced by 29% under both application rates. However, the CLCPs showed that the catabolic activity of the gram-negative (G−) bacterial community was significantly increased under the high glyphosate application rate. Furthermore, the DGGE analysis indicated that the bacterial community in the soil that had received the high glyphosate application rate was dominated by G− bacteria. Real-time PCR results suggested that copies of the glyphosate tolerance gene (EPSPS) increased significantly in the treatment with the high glyphosate application rate. Our results indicated that fungi were impaired through glyphosate while G− bacteria played an important role in the tolerance of microbiota to glyphosate applications.
Keywords: Soil microbial community, PLFA, Biolog, DGGE, Glyphosate; Agriculture, Bacteria, Biomass, Carbon, Fatty Acids, Glycine, Gram-Negative Bacteria, Herbicides, Mycobiome, Organophosphates, Phospholipids, 16S Ribosomoal RNA, Soil, Soil Microbiology, Soil Pollutants; Drug Effects, Metabolism, Analysis, Pharmacology, Genetics; Herbicides, Glyphosate; Spectral Analysis, Medicinal Properties; Pseudostellarin G, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Antimicrobial Activity, Pharmacological Activity, Cyclic Peptides; Active Ingredients, Application Rate, Bacterial Communities, Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis, Genes, Genetic Variation, Microbial Biomass, Phospholipid Fatty Acids, Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction, Ribosomal RNA, Soil Fungi
Citation: Liu, Y., Li, Y., Hua, X., Müller, K., Wang, H., Yang, T., Wang, Q., Peng, X., Wang, M., Pang, Y. and Qi, J., 2018. Glyphosate application increased catabolic activity of gram-negative bacteria but impaired soil fungal community. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(15), pp.14762-14772.
