Journal or Publishing Institution: Current Microbiology
Study: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00284-014-0656-y
Author(s): Schrödl, W., Krüger, S., Konstantinova-Müller, T., Shehata, A.A., Rulff, R. and Krüger, M.
Article Type: Peer Reviewed Study
Record ID: 2296
Abstract: Glyphosate (N-phosphonomethyl glycine) is registered as a herbicide for many food and non-food crops, as well as non-crop areas where total vegetation control is desired. Glyphosate influences the soil mycobiota; however, the possible effect of glyphosate residues in animal feed (soybean, corn, etc.) on animal mycobiota is almost unknown. Accordingly, the present study was initiated to investigate the mycological characteristics of dairy cows in relationship to glyphosate concentrations in urine. A total of 258 dairy cows on 14 dairy farms in Germany were examined. Glyphosate was detected in urine using ELISA. The fungal profile was analyzed in rumen fluid samples using conventional microbiological culture techniques and differentiated by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. LPS-binding protein (LBP) and antibodies (IgG1, IgG2, IgA, and IgM) against fungi were determined in blood using ELISA. Different populations of Lichtheimia corymbifera, Lichtheimia ramosa, Mucor, and Rhizopus were detected. L. corymbifera and L. ramosa were significantly more abundant in animals containing high glyphosate (>40 ng/ml) concentrations in urine. There were no significant changes in IgG1 and IgG2 antibodies toward isolated fungi that were related to glyphosate concentration in urine; however, IgA antibodies against L. corymbifera and L. ramosa were significantly lower in the higher glyphosate groups. Moreover, a negative correlation between IgM antibodies against L. corymbifera, L. ramosa, and Rhizopus relative to glyphosate concentration in urine was observed. LBP also was significantly decreased in animals with higher concentrations of glyphosate in their urine. In conclusion, glyphosate appears to modulate the fungal community. The reduction of IgM antibodies and LBP indicates an influence on the innate immune system of animals.
Keywords: Aflatoxin, Fusarium Head Blight, Rumen Fluid, Mucor, Rhizopus, antibodies, blood, corn, crops, dairy cows, dairy farming, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, feeds, fungal communities, fungi, glyphosate, immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin M, innate immunity, matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry, rumen fluids, soil, soybeans, urine, vegetation, Germany, cattle, Lichtheimia corymbifera, Lichtheimia ramosa, Mucorales, binding proteins, cows, dairy cattle, drug residues, herbicide residues, herbicides, IgA, IgG, IgM, immune system, immunity, microbial flora, microorganisms, rumen, rumen flora, rumen fungi, rumen microorganisms, toxic substances, urine analysis, fungus, microflora, poisons, rumen micro-organisms, weedicides, weedkillers, Animals, Fungal Antibodies, Antifungal Agents, Biota, Carrier Proteins, Cattle, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Germany, Glycine, Mucorales, Rumen, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization Mass Spectrometry, Urine, Blood, Analysis, Pharmacology, Drug Effects, Analogs & Derivatives, Chemistry, Isolation & Purification, Microbiology
Citation: Schrödl, W., Krüger, S., Konstantinova-Müller, T., Shehata, A.A., Rulff, R. and Krüger, M., 2014. Possible effects of glyphosate on Mucorales abundance in the rumen of dairy cows in Germany. Current Microbiology, 69(6), pp.817-823.
