Journal or Publishing Institution: Food and Chemical Toxicology
Study: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S027869151530034X
Author(s): Mesnage, R., Defarge, N., De Vendomois, J.S. and Seralini, G.E.
Article Type: Journal Publication
Record ID: 1606
Abstract: Glyphosate-based herbicides (GlyBH), including Roundup, are the most widely used pesticides worldwide. Their uses have increased exponentially since their introduction on the market. Residue levels in food or water, as well as human exposures, are escalating. We have reviewed the toxic effects of GlyBH measured below regulatory limits by evaluating the published literature and regulatory reports. We reveal a coherent body of evidence indicating that GlyBH could be toxic below the regulatory lowest observed adverse effect level for chronic toxic effects. It includes teratogenic, tumorigenic and hepatorenal effects. They could be explained by endocrine disruption and oxidative stress, causing metabolic alterations, depending on dose and exposure time. Some effects were detected in the range of the recommended acceptable daily intake. Toxic effects of commercial formulations can also be explained by GlyBH adjuvants, which have their own toxicity, but also enhance glyphosate toxicity. These challenge the assumption of safety of GlyBH at the levels at which they contaminate food and the environment, albeit these levels may fall below regulatory thresholds. Neurodevelopmental, reproductive, and transgenerational effects of GlyBH must be revisited, since a growing body of knowledge suggests the predominance of endocrine disrupting mechanisms caused by environmentally relevant levels of exposure.
Keywords: Glyphosate, Roundup, GMO, Endocrine Disruption, Toxicity, Pesticide; Acceptable Daily Intake, Adjuvants, Exposure Duration, Humans, Lowest Observed Effect Level, Markets, Oxidative Stress, Tetratogenicity, Toxiciology; Animals, Carcinogens, Endocrine Disruptors, Glycine, Herbicides, Oxidative Stress, Pesticide Residues, Teratogens, Toxicology; Analysis, Chemistry, Standards, Analogs & Derivatives, Toxicity, Drug Effects, Methods
Citation: Mesnage, R., Defarge, N., De Vendomois, J.S. and Seralini, G.E., 2015. Potential toxic effects of glyphosate and its commercial formulations below regulatory limits. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 84, pp.133-153.
