Search Results for: Bt

Abstract: Background, aim, and scope: Basically, technological innovations are associated with benefits and risks. This is also true for the introduction of genetically modified organisms (GMO) into agriculture. In Germany, precautionary regulations currently demand isolation distances (i. e. buffer zones) for the cultivation of genetically modified maize (Bt-maize) in the vicinity of conventional (150 m) and organic …

Abstract: Bt-corn is genetically engineered to express proteins from the common soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis which presents specific toxicity to targeted insect pests. One type of Bt-corn expresses the Cry1Ab protein that provides protection against certain lepidopteran pests, mainly the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) and the Mediterranean stalk borer (Sesamia nonagroides). Vast areas of …

Abstract: Bt plants are plants that have been genetically modified to express the insecticidal proteins (e.g. Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry3A) from subspecies of the bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), to kill lepidopteran pests that feed on corn, rice, tobacco, canola, and cotton and coleopteran pests that feed on potato. The biomass of these transgenic Bt plants (Bt+) …

Abstract: Reports of severe damage caused by the African stem borer, Busseola fusca (Fuller) to Mon810-transgenic maize (Bt) prompted a study in which the survival of progenies of diapause larvae collected from both a Bt and non-Bt planting were compared when feeding on various Bt and non-Bt hybrids. Field and greenhouse grown plants were artificially …

Abstract: Pyrolysis-gas (Py-GC) chromatography was used to characterize extractable lipids from Bt and non-Bt maize shoots and soils collected at time of harvesting. Py-GC-MS (mass spectrometry) showed that the concentrations of total alkenes identified in non-Bt shoots and soils were 47.9 and 21.3% higher than in Bt maize shoots and soils, respectively. N-alkanes identified were …

Abstract: High expression of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) protein in transgenic Bt crops has dramatically improved the resistance of crops to some insect pests. However, some Bt crops were reported to have poorer adaptabilities to abiotic stress environments compared to their non-Bt counterparts. The biological reasons for poorer adaptabilities were still unclear. A two-year field experiment …

Abstract: A silty loam soil was incubated with the leaves and stems of two transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton varieties and nontransgenic Bt cotton to study the soil persistence of the Bt toxin from the decomposing transgenic Bt cotton tissues and its effect on soil enzyme activities. The results showed that after Bt cotton tissue …

Abstract: Responses to GM maize Bt-maize, MON810) expressing Cry1Ab protein from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) in diets for both normal and immune-sensitised (with soyabean meal (SBM)-induced enteropathy) post-smolt Atlantic salmon were investigated following 33 and 97 d of exposure. Triplicate tanks of salmon were fed one of four diets, all containing 20% whole-kernel …

Abstract: Bt cotton are plants that have been genetically modified to express the insecticidal proteins Cry 1 Ac from subspecies of the bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bt), to control bollworm pest that feed on cotton. There is a persistent environmental concern that transgenic Bt-crops carry genes that have indirect undesirable effect to natural and agro– …

Abstract: More than 10 years after registration of the first Bt maize cultivar in Europe, there still exists a remarkable lack of data on effects on Lepidoptera which would be necessary for a complete and comprehensive environmental risk assessment. So far only very few European butterfly species have been tested in this aspect. In our …

Abstract: Genetically modified corn crops and suspensions of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are currently used to control pest infestations of insects of the Lepidoptera family. For this purpose, the cry1Ab gene coding for protein δ-endotoxin derived from B. thuringiensis kurstaki (Btk), which is highly toxic to these insects, was inserted and expressed in corn. The aims …

Abstract: Non-target organisms associated with the soil might be adversely affected by exposure to the CrylAb protein from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) in transgenic corn (Zea mays L.). To check for such exposure, we used ELISA to test for Cry1Ab in ground beetles collected live from fields with Bt corn residues and Bt corn (Bt/Bt), Bt …

Abstract: The entomopathogenic bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and its toxins are extensively used for pest control purposes in agriculture, forestry and public health programmes since the 1930. In addition to spray formulations, transgenic plants containing Bt genes for the expression of the toxins (Bt plants) are commercially available since the mid 1990s and are grown …

Abstract: Survivals of Plodia interpunctella larvae with MON 810 maize leaves contained feed, Cry1-resistant stocks – consist of 200 imagos – were collected in June, 2001. Larvae were feed on PIdb feed contained ~1.4 ppm (this slightly higher than the Cry1Ab toxin in fresh maize stem) truncated Bacillus thuringiensis toxin (Cry1Ab) plus maize leaves originated …

Abstract: The biochemical properties of soil have often been described as early and sensitive indicators of ecological changes in both natural soil and agroecosystem. In the current study, the impacts of the amendment of Bt-transgenic rice (KMD) straw on biological activities in water-flooded soil were investigated under laboratory conditions and compared with non-transgenic rice (Xiushui …

Abstract: A potential environmental risk of the field cultivation of insect-resistant (Bt-toxin expressing) transgenic maize (Zea mays) is the consumption of Bt-containing pollen by herbivorous larvae of butterflies (Lepidoptera). Maize is wind-pollinated, and at flowering time large amounts of pollen can be deposited on various plants growing in the landscape, leading to inadvertent ingestion of …

Abstract: Stable expression of a transgene may lead to increased fitness for wild plants after acquiring the transgene via crop–weed hybridization. Here, we investigate the stability of Bt toxin content in wild Brassica rapa acquiring the Bt gene from Bt Brassica napus. The Bt toxin content in nine Bt‐expressing B. napus lines was 0.80–1.70 µg/g …

Abstract: The first report of resistance of the maize stem borer [Busseola fusca (Fuller)] to Bt maize (MON810) was made in the Christiana area of South Africa during 2007. The objective of this study was to evaluate the status of resistance of other populations of B. fusca to Bt maize. One greenhouse and two laboratory …

Abstract: Genetically modified maize crops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins (Bt maize) are increasingly cultivated worldwide, and large amounts of Bt maize have been imported to Korea. Before evaluating the environmental impacts of Bt maize of unknown origin on non-target insects, crystal (Cry) protein types in the imported Bt maize plants were identified. Because Cry1F …

Abstract: With the wide adoption of transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton, the incidence of bollworm has reduced significantly, but secondary pests such as cotton spider mites have become serious problems in Bt cotton fields. The objective of the present study was to investigate the underlying mechanism of increased incidence of secondary pests in Bt cotton. …

Abstract: As is evident from the review of publications, on the basis of which a conclusion about the ecological safety of transgenic plants was drawn, the methods and test objects used were not adequate to meet the aims set. The widespread use of transgenic Bt-plants can have a negative effect on the environment. First, these …

Abstract: Leaf stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (E), and light-saturated net photosynthetic rate (PNmax) at three developmental stages (tillering stage, jointing-booting stage, and milking stage) and leaf total nitrogen concentration (LTNC) and δ13C value at milking stage were measured for a conventional rice line (Minghui 63) and its corresponding Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-gene [cry1A (b and …

Abstract: Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t.) is a live microorganism that kills certain insects and is used to kill unwanted insects in forests, agriculture, and urban areas. In a purified form, some of the proteins produced by B.t. are acutely toxic to mammals. However, in their natural form, acute toxicity of commonly-used B.t. varieties is limited to …

Abstract: Agriculture Times of yore in AgBioForum, current science and many agriculture journal issues have been discussed Bt cotton safety (Manjunath 2011) controversies (Geeta Bharathan 2001), success (Camille Gonsalves 2007), resistance issues (Akshaya et al., 2010) and cost-benefit analysis (Manjunath 2011) in India a question rose as to “Bt or Non-Bt”. Therefore, a typical collective …

Abstract: The present study was designed to evaluate the impact of feeding a line of genetically modified cotton seeds (Bt cotton seeds) to that of standard diet and reference diet (Non-Bt cotton seeds) on growth, metabolism in albino rats. Non-Bt and Bt cotton seeds were incorporated into the diet of the albino rats at a …