Search Results for: Embryo

Abstract: Glyphosate has become the most widely used herbicide in the world, due to the wide scale adoption of transgenic glyphosate resistant crops after its introduction in 1996. Glyphosate may be used alone, but it is commonly applied as an active ingredient of the herbicide Roundup®. This pesticide contains several adjuvants, which may promote an unknown …

Abstract: A bacterial phytoene synthase (crtB) gene was overexpressed in a seed‐specific manner and the protein product targeted to the plastid in Brassica napus (canola). The resultant embryos from these transgenic plants were visibly orange and the mature seed contained up to a 50‐fold increase in carotenoids. The predominant carotenoids accumulating in the seeds of the …

Abstract: Anencephaly, which occurs when the rostral (head) end of the neural tube fails to close early in embryonic development, represents perhaps the most extreme manifestation of neural tube defects (NTDs). A wide range of developmental events and processes, working singly or in concert, are either known to cause, or are strongly associated with, NTDs …

Abstract: Genetic transformation of plants often results in multiple copies of the introduced DNA at a single locus. To ensure that only a single copy of a foreign gene resides in the plant genome, we used a strategy based on site-specific recombination. The transformation vector consists of a transgene flanked by recombination sites in an …

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The possibility of gene flow from transgenic crops to wild relatives may be affected by reproductive capacity between them. The potential gene flow from two transgenic rice lines containing the bar gene to five accessions of weedy rice (WR1–WR5) was determined through examination of reproductive compatibility under controlled pollination. RESULTS: The pollen grain …

Abstract: The aim of the research was assessment of mutagenic activity of the genetically modified product (a commercial product from soybean) in an experiment on laboratory animals. In the course of work in experienced groups the parameter of “unsuccessful” incubation of embryos in females of white not purebred rats is revealed. In control group the …

Abstract: Introduction. The prolonged and uncontrolled use of genetically modified foods represents the adverse potential effects and threats to human health. Discussion. Discovered the toxic and allergenic influence of number of transgenic proteins on the human organism. The inhibitors of alpha amylases are strong allergens which form complexes with the ferments of the salivary glands …

Abstract: Glyphosate‐based herbicides are the most commonly used worldwide because they are effective and relatively nontoxic to nontarget species. Unlimited and uncontrolled use of such pesticides can have serious consequences for human health and ecological balance. The present study evaluated the acute toxicity and genotoxicity of 2 glyphosate‐based formulations, Roundup Original (Roundup) and Glyphosate AKB …

Abstract: Latin America is a key area for the expansion of genetically modified agriculture. Monsanto’s herbicide, Roundup, with glyphosate as its active ingredient, is heavily sprayed as an essential part of the GM model. Since half of Monsanto’s revenue comes from its Roundup products, the company has a significant investment in promoting glyphosate’s safety, as …

Abstract: T-DNA insertion mutants have become a valuable resource for studies of gene function in Arabidopsis. In the course of both forward and reverse genetic projects, we have identified novel interchromosomal rearrangements in two Arabidopsis T-DNA insertion lines. Both rearrangements were unilateral translocations associated with the left borders of T-DNA inserts that exhibited normal Mendelian …

Abstract: Glyphosate (Roundup) is one of the most commonly used broad-spectrum herbicides with little to no hazard to animals, man, or the environment. Due to its widespread use, there is continuous contamination of the environment in both soil and water with this herbicide. There is a paucity of long-term exposure studies with sublethal concentrations of …

Abstract: The genotoxicity of pesticides is an issue of worldwide concern. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the genotoxic potential of a widely used herbicide formulation, Roundup (glyphosate), in erythrocytes of broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris) after in ovo exposure. Caiman embryos were exposed at early embryonic stage to different sub-lethal concentrations of Roundup (50, …

Abstract: In South America, economic interests in last years have produced a constant increase in transgenic soybean cropping, with the corresponding rise in pesticide formulated products. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of pesticides formulations and mixtures on a South American caiman, Caiman latirostris, after in ovo exposure. We conducted a …

Abstract: The broad spectrum herbicide glyphosate is widely used in agriculture worldwide. There has been ongoing controversy regarding the possible adverse effects of glyphosate on the environment and on human health. Reports of neural defects and craniofacial malformations from regions where glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH) are used led us to undertake an embryological approach to explore …

Text: The genetic engineering of animals has increased significantly in recent years, and the use of this technology brings with it ethical issues, some of which relate to animal welfare — defined by the World Organisation for Animal Health as “the state of the animal…how an animal is coping with the conditions in which it …

Abstract: Surfactants used in herbicide formulations are generally considered inert with no toxic effects on animals. Polyethoxylated tallow amines (POEAs) are non-ionic surfactants used in many herbicide formulations to promote the penetration of the active matter into plant cuticles. The present study aimed to assess the toxicity of a POEA surfactant system, the Genamin T-200®, …

Abstract: Agricultural genetically modified (GM) plants are essentially plants which contain pesticides, because they were designed to tolerate or produce pesticides. In 2011, GM crops reached 160 million hectares, with 59 % of herbicide tolerance (mainly Roundup) mostly in soybean, maize, canola, cotton, 15 % of insecticide producing varieties and 26% combining both traits (James …

Abstract: The study of combined effects of pesticides represents a challenge for toxicology. In the case of the new growing generation of genetically modified (GM) plants with stacked traits, glyphosate‐based herbicides (like Roundup) residues are present in the Roundup‐tolerant edible plants (especially corns) and mixed with modified Bt insecticidal toxins that are produced by the GM plants …

Abstract: Pesticides are always used in formulations as mixtures of an active principle with adjuvants. Glyphosate, the active ingredient of the major pesticide in the world, is an herbicide supposed to be specific on plant metabolism. Its adjuvants are generally considered as inert diluents. Since side effects for all these compounds have been claimed, we …

Abstract:Widely spread chemicals used for human benefits may exert adverse effects on health or the environment, the identification of which are a major challenge. The early development of the sea urchin constitutes an appropriate model for the identification of undesirable cellular and molecular targets of pollutants. The widespread glyphosate-based pesticide affected sea urchin development by …