Search Results for: Food safety
Genetically modified organisms: A new threat to food safety
Abstract: This article analyzes all of the food safety-related aspects related to the use of genetically modified organisms into agriculture and food. A discussion is provided as to the uncertainties related to the insertion of foreign genes into organisms, providing examples of unforeseen, undesirable effects and of instabilities of the organisms thus artificially fabricated. Data …
Food safety–who is responsible?
Abstract: Though scientists believe that issues of risk can be handled without appeal to values in general or ethics in particular, this is demonstrably false. The very notion of risk is enmeshed in a complex of social ethics. This is clearly true with regard to food safety. With this in mind, it is plausible to …
Conflicts of interest at the European Food Safety Authority erode public confidence
Keywords: Food Safety, Conflicts of Interest, Transgenic Plants, Genetically Modified Foods, Risk Analysis, Food Law, Toxicology, Corn, Industrial Chemistry, European Parliament Citation: Robinson, C., Holland, N., Leloup, D. and Muilerman, H., 2013. Conflicts of interest at the European Food Safety Authority erode public confidence. Journal of Epidemiol Community Health, pp.jech-2012.
The significance of food safety in trade and banning the importation of GMO products into Iran
Abstract: According to legislation in Iran, the importation of transgenic products should be banned due to the lack of strong evidence for the safety of genetically modified foods. Therefore, the detection of genetically modified on importing products should perform by food control laboratories. In this study, specific primers were designed for 35S promoter (500 bp), …
Possible health impacts of Bt toxins and residues from spraying with complementary herbicides in genetically engineered soybeans and risk assessment as performed by the European Food Safety Authority EFSA
Abstract: Background: MON89788 was the first genetically engineered soybean worldwide to express a Bt toxin. Under the brand name Intacta, Monsanto subsequently engineered a stacked trait soybean using MON89788 and MON87701—this stacked soybean expresses an insecticidal toxin and is, in addition, tolerant to glyphosate. After undergoing risk assessment by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), …
GM food safety: Scientific and institutional issues
Abstract: In 1995, the then Scottish Office of Agriculture, Environment and Fisheries Department (SOAEFD) advertised a research program on safety aspects of GM crops. Until then, there was not a single publication in peer-reviewed journals on the safety of GM food. Not surprisingly, this was of great public and scientific concern, so it was thought …
Differences in the carcinogenic evaluation of glyphosate between the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)
Abstract: The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monographs Programme identifies chemicals, drugs, mixtures, occupational exposures, lifestyles and personal habits, and physical and biological agents that cause cancer in humans and has evaluated about 1000 agents since 1971. Monographs are written by ad hoc Working Groups (WGs) of international scientific experts over a period …
A survey of genetically modified foods consumed, health implications and recommendations for public health food safety in Trinidad
Abstract: Genetically modified foods provide one of the major challenges facing the food industry in the twenty-first century worldwide. The safety of genetically modified foods are being questioned by scientists, researchers and doctors as it is believed that these foods may pose a serious public health risk, especially for the young, aged, pregnant and immunocompromised …
Transgenic plants and their products: effects, risks and food safety (Biosafety of transgenic plants)
Abstract: This paper provides an overview of the effects of transgenic plants, also known as Genetically Modified Organisms, and food safety. Modern biotechnologies are powerfull tools in reprogramming life. However, a major problem in the risk assessment of the organisms produced by biotechnology is that the outcome of transformations can not be fully foreseen. Potential …
Genetically modified organisms (GMOs): food security or threat to food safety
Abstract: Biotechnology is a vital issue that impacts all of us. Development of genetically modified organisms is one of the highest achievements of this technology. It is being released throughout our environment and deployed with superficial or no risk assessments about its matchless powers to harm life. Within the next few years, many types of …
Fatal flaws in food safety assessment: Critique of the joint FAO/WHO Biotechnology and Food Safety Report
Abstract: The Biotechnology and Food Safety Report issued jointly by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and World Health Organization (WHO), is the result of an Expert Consultation held in Rome, in October 1996. The Consultation was the latest, possibly the most significant, attempt to reach international agreement on the safety of genetically engineered (GE) …
Genetically modified organisms, food safety and health: Transcending epidemiology and public health
Abstract: In recent decades, changes in agriculture and biotechnology innovations have changed the landscape of food on the planet. From the fifties the green revolution has had a dramatic impact on a global level and today issues such as sustainable development are part of the global political agenda. Genetically Modified Organisms have revolutionized the agribusiness …
Genetic engineering and cloning in animal agriculture: Bioethical and food safety concerns
Abstract: The farming of animals for human medical and other commercial/industrial purposes is being intensified through two new biotechnologies. One is genetic engineering that involves the splicing of alien genes into target animal embryos to create ‘transgenic’ animals, or the deletion of certain genes to create ‘knockout’ genetically modified animals. The other is cloning, that …
Authors’ response to the Statement of the European Food Safety Authority GMO Panel concerning Environmental Analytical and Ecotoxicological Experiments Carried out in Hungary
Abstract: The GMO panel of EFSA published a statement on June 8, 2005, regarding the temporary moratorium ordered by the Hungarian Minister of Agriculture on Jan 20, 2005, on maize variety based of MON 810 genetic event, and regarding the corresponding environmental analytical and ecotoxicological survey performed. In its statement the GMO panel debated whether …
Challenges in food quality, safety and intolerances
Abstract: Nutrition is now recognized to play a key role in maintaining the health and longevity of human and animal populations and their resistance to disease [1-4]. Genetic, genomic and epigenetic functions have been shown in the last two decades to be directly and indirectly impacted by foods and the diet. As a result, medical …
Rational study of the safety of genetically modified food based on toxicology of chiral D – amino acid
Abstract: 转基因食品安全性是国内外广泛关注与争议的问题之一.根据”实质等同性”原则,本文基于手性D-氨基酸(DAA)形成机制对抗除草剂草甘膦和抗虫Bt蛋白转基因的食品安全性进行了风险评估.与传统非转基因作物相比,除草剂草甘膦或Bt蛋白由于具有较强的金属络合能力,因此在本质上促使土壤中金属离子较多地进入转基因作物体内,然后诱导D-海因酶的活性增加从而产生更多的DAA.体外研究发现,DAA、D-氨基酸氧化酶(DAAO)和亚铁离子(Fe2+)同时存在时,将损伤DNA、L-抗坏血酸(VC)和生育酚(VE)等.而DAA在DAAO存在下产生的H2O2也可诱导损伤VC.在有机相与水相界面,VE能够将Fe3+还原为Fe2+,Fe2+与DAA、DAAO一起产生的?OH也可损伤DNA.细胞实验表明,相比于L-氨基酸(LAA),DAA能够明显抑制细胞生长.因此,即使不考虑转基因食品中相对高含量的草甘膦或Bt蛋白、重金属离子的生物安全性,仅从DAA在转基因食品中的客观相对高的含量及其诱导损伤DNA、VC和VE的毒理性效应考虑,转基因食品和传统食品的成分不实质等同,自然其安全性也不实质等同. Keywords: substantial equivalence, chiral D-amino acid, glyphosate tolerant, Bt, transgenic crops Citation: 张志昆, 袁龙飞, 刘庆菊, 蔡波太, 李向军, 赵红, 董亚蕾, 杨镜奎, 何裕建, 赵亮 and 董树清, 2015. Rational study of the safety of genetically modified food based on toxicology of chiral D – amino acid. China Science: Chemistry, 1.
Criticisms and improvements of strategies for the safety assessment of GM plant derived foods or feed
Abstract: (1) Overview of the safety studies of GMOs peformed on mammals; (2) Differences between acute, subchronic, and chronic tests and their potential. The Toxotest approach; (3) Critical review of subchronic 90d tests protocols and authorities. The SSC method; (4) Human tests and post-market monitoring (PMM); (5) Conclusions. Keywords: Safety study, toxicity testing, acute toxicity, …
In vivo experiments on the safety evaluation of GM components of feeds and foods
Abstract: During the last five years, the global area of transgenic crop (GM-genetically modified) cultivation increased 25-fold. About 98% of GM crops are grown in the USA, Argentina and Canada from where they are sent to many importers of soyabean and maize. The results of feeding experiments indicate that soyabean meal obtained from herbicide-tolerant lines …
Seeking clarity in the debate over the safety of GM foods
Text: Millstone et al. reply – Our Commentary1 on the use of the concept of substantial equivalence in evaluating the safety of GM foods has triggered a lively debate, but several correspondents have criticized us for things that we did not say, and in our view none of them has addressed our central argument that …
A novel approach for evaluation of food functions and safety applied in RR GM soybeans
Abstract: Objective. This study aimed to evaluate the healthy risk of genetically modified (GM) soybeans using a novel approach for functions and safety of food. Method. Different from traditional evaluation of substantial equivalence, three innovations were performed in this study, involving basic diet, evaluation approaches and principle, as well as the clarification of connotation differences …
