Search Results for: Microflora

Abstract: In Hawaii, glyphosate-based herbicides frequently sprayed near shorelines may be affecting non-target marine species. Glyphosate inhibits aromatic amino acid biosynthesis (shikimate pathway), and is toxic to beneficial gut bacteria in cattle and chickens. Effects of glyphosate on gut bacteria in marine herbivorous turtles were assessed in vitro. When cultures of mixed bacterial communities from …

Text: Weeds are the most economically important of all pests with respect to sales of pesticides and limitations to crop yields (62). Herbicide sales represent more than two thirds of the 436 x 106 kg of pesticides used annually in the United States (113), and almost one half of the $21 billion worldwide pesticide market (8). …

Abstract: Glyphosate, N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine, is the most extensively used herbicide in the history of agriculture. Weed management programs in glyphosate resistant (GR) field crops have provided highly effective weed control, simplified management decisions, and given cleaner harvested products. However, this relatively simple, broad-spectrum, systemic herbicide can have extensive unintended effects on nutrient efficiency and disease severity, …

Abstract: The inclusion of genetically modified (GM) plants in the human diet has raised concerns about the possible transfer of transgenes from GM plants to intestinal microflora and enterocytes. The persistence in the human gut of DNA from dietary GM plants is unknown. Here we study the survival of the transgene epsps from GM soya …

Abstract: The effect of genetically modified rice (GMR) on bacterial communities in caecal content was analyzed in a 90-d feeding rat model. A total of 12 groups of rats, which included male and female, were fed with the basal diets containing 30%, 50%, 70% GMR (B(1), B(2), B(3)) or 30%, 50%, 70% non-GMR (D(1), D(2), …

Abstract: It has been researched the microbiocenosis of caudal area of rectum of pigs which were had the diet with genetic modified soya. It was determined the specific composition of microorganisms, which were developed on nutritious mediums after the insemination them by samples of excrements: mainly Proteus vulgaris, E.Coli, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus and also Saphylococcus …

Abstract: Farmland biodiversity is an important characteristic when assessing sustainability of agricultural practices and is of major international concern. Scientific data indicate that agricultural intensification and pesticide use are among the main drivers of biodiversity loss. The analysed data and experiences do not support statements that herbicide-resistant crops provide consistently better yields than conventional crops …

Abstract: Glyphosate (N-phosphonomethyl glycine) is registered as a herbicide for many food and non-food crops, as well as non-crop areas where total vegetation control is desired. Glyphosate influences the soil mycobiota; however, the possible effect of glyphosate residues in animal feed (soybean, corn, etc.) on animal mycobiota is almost unknown. Accordingly, the present study was …

Abstract: Introduction. The prolonged and uncontrolled use of genetically modified foods represents the adverse potential effects and threats to human health. Discussion. Discovered the toxic and allergenic influence of number of transgenic proteins on the human organism. The inhibitors of alpha amylases are strong allergens which form complexes with the ferments of the salivary glands …

Abstract: The effect of the digestion process in the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) of animal models on the fate and integrity of plant DNA has been widely evaluated since DNA availability and integrity is a key factor for hypothetical horizontal gene transfer of recombinant DNA from GM crop-derived feeds to animal and human gut microflora. In this study, plant DNA sequences …

Abstract: Transgenic resistance to broad-spectrum herbicides is increasingly seen in various crops. With transgenic herbicie-resistant (THR) cultivars, application of broad-spectrum herbicides is no longer limited to the pre-emergence stage of the crop. Post-emergence application of these herbicides may be more effective in obtaining sufficient weed control compared with currently used herbicides, and herbicide treatment can …

Abstract: As a result of studies on the effect of antibiotics on quality of producing boars’ semen, the perfect dose of sanitizing agents cefotaxime, cefepime and ampicillin was determined as part of semen diluent which contributes to obtaining better results in terms of mobility, morphological and acrosome integrity of genital gametes compared to similar spectrum …

Abstract: In commercial agriculture, populations and interactions of rhizosphere microflora are potentially affected by the use of specific agrichemicals, possibly by affecting gene expression in these organisms. To investigate this, we examined changes in bacterial gene expression within the rhizosphere of glyphosate-tolerant corn (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max) in response to long-term glyphosate (PowerMAX™, …

Abstract: The inclusion of genetically modified (GM) foods in the human diet has caused considerable debate. There is concern that the transfer of plant-derived transgenes to the resident intestinal microflora could have safety implications. For these gene transfer events to occur, the nucleic acid would need to survive passage through the gastrointestinal tract. The aim …

Abstract: Research purpose. Examine under conditions in vitro effect of aqueous extract of GM roundup resistant soybean compared with soy classical breeding activity propionic acid bacteria are used in starters in the manufacture of hard cheeses with a long shelf life, and the use of transgenic soybeans in feeding chicks and laying hens with the …

Abstract: During the last 10-15 years, an increase of Clostridium botulinum associated diseases in cattle has been observed in Germany. The reason for this development is currently unknown. The normal intestinal microflora is a critical factor in preventing intestinal colonisation by C. botulinum as shown in the mouse model of infant botulism. Numerous bacteria in …

Abstract: In recent years, corn crop is produced extensively as first and second product in Kahramanmaraş the pests formed European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner) and the stem corn borer (Sesamia nonagrioides Lef.), causes the loss of product per year, average 10-20 % rate. In particularly, this crop loss is observed from the fields which …

Abstract: The use of genetically modified organisms (GMO) in dairy products requires evaluation of the DNA transfer capacity from such organisms among the human intestinal microflora. Thus, both in vitro and in vivo [in the digestive tract (DT) of mice] transfer from Lactococcus lactis donor strains of the conjugative plasmid pIL205 (CmR) and the non-conjugative …

Abstract: The aim of this study was to trace selected nucleic acid and protein components of isogene versus Bt transgene maize within the bovine gastrointestinal tract (GIT). After feeding 22 cattle for 4 weeks with Bt176 maize, different plant genes and the recombinant protein CryIAb were quantified during digestion. Furthermore, a first initial characterization of …

Abstract: To assess the likelihood that the bla gene present in a transgenic maize line may transfer from plant material to the microflora associated with animal feeds, we have examined the survival of free DNA in maize silage effluent, ovine rumen fluid and ovine saliva. Plasmid DNA that had previously been exposed to freshly sampled …