GMO Research
Abstract: It is known that the presence of pesticides may alter the reproductive performance of animals. We studied the effect of chronic pesticide exposure in rats injected i.p. for 5 weeks with doses between 1/50 and 1/250 LD50 of dimethoate, glyphosate and zineb, either alone or in combination. All tested agrochemicals increased the oxidative stress …
Abstract: Previous studies on mice fed genetically modified (GM) soybean demonstrated modifications of the mitochondrial functions and of the transcription/splicing pathways in hepatocytes. The cause(s) of these alterations could not be conclusively established but, since the GM soybean used is tolerant to glyphosate and was treated with the glyphosate-containing herbicide Roundup , the possibility exists …
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Most of the glyphosate-surfactant herbicides (GlySH) are formulated commercial products containing isopropylamine (IPA) salt of glyphosate (IPAG), variable amount of a surfactant, and water. Although glyphosate is only slightly toxic to rats, ingestion of GlySH may lead to severe effects, including death, in humans. We conducted a study to evaluate the cardiovascular effects …
Text: Crops genetically modified to have reduced susceptibility to pests are promoted as a solution low food yields in developing countries. The motive of these promoters is profit, not altruism. Monsant one of the largest developers of genetically modified crops, has developed a grain that gives an improved crop and is sterile, so instead of …
Abstract: Contrary to assertions in the editorial and Special Communication, administration of bST does significantly change milk composition, mainly reflecting tissue utilization to make extra milk, such as an increase in long-chain fatty acids. One importantexception is the increase in insulinlike growth factor I (IGF-I) to levels found usually in the first 2 weeks of …
Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the possibility of DNA sequences from genetically modified plants to persist in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. PCR analysis and transformation assays were used to study DNA persistence and integrity in various ex vivo and in vivo systems using gnotobiotic rats. DNA studied was either plasmid DNA, naked plant DNA …
Abstract: Glyphosate, a common herbicide, is not toxic under normal exposure circumstances. However, this chemical, when combined with a surfactant, is cytotoxic. In this study, the mechanism of the additive effect of glyphosate and TN-20, a common surfactant in glyphosate herbicides, was investigated. After exposure of rat H9c2 cells to glyphosate and TN-20 mixtures, following …
Abstract: The present study was designed to evaluate the impact of feeding a line of genetically modified cotton seeds (Bt cotton seeds) to that of standard diet and reference diet (Non-Bt cotton seeds) on growth, metabolism in albino rats. Non-Bt and Bt cotton seeds were incorporated into the diet of the albino rats at a …
Text: Dear Dr. Hayes, I am writing with regard to your extraordinary decision to retract the paper by Séralini et al. published in November of last year, not on the grounds of fraud, malpractice or data misrepresentation, but simply (as far as I can see) because Monsanto and its legion of followers did not like …
Abstract: 采用酶学和分子生物学方法，研究了两种草甘膦除草剂对大鼠细胞色素Ｐ４５０２Ｂ１和２Ｃ１１（ＣＹＰ４５０２Ｂ１和２Ｃ１１）ｍＲＮＡ表达的影响以探讨其作用机理。结果表明，草甘膦Ⅱ可增加肝细胞中ＣＹＰ４５０２Ｂ１ｍＲＮＡ转录水平，与对照组比较有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）；而草甘膦Ⅰ对肝细胞ＣＹＰ４５０２Ｂ１ｍＲＮＡ没有明显影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）。两种草甘膦均可显著降低肾脏ＣＹＰ４５０２Ｂ１ｍＲＮＡ表达水平，与对照组比较均有极显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。草甘膦Ⅰ可使大鼠肝细胞中ＣＹＰ４５０２Ｃ１１ｍＲＮＡ转录水平显著降低，与对照组比较有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）；而草甘膦Ⅱ对大鼠肝细胞中ＣＹＰ４５０２Ｃ１１ｍＲＮＡ没有明显影响。 Keywords: glyphosate, herbicides, cytochrome p450 2b1, 2c11, mRNA, rats hepatocytes, renal, rat, rodent, rodents, herbicide Citation: Joan, W.H., and Prough, R.A., 1996. Glyphosate effects on rat cytochrome P450 2B_1 and P450 2C_ (11) gene expression. Journal of Health Toxicology, 10(4), pp. 231-234.
Abstract: In this study, we investigated whether neonatal exposure to a glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) alters the reproductive performance and the molecular mechanisms involved in the decidualization process in adult rats. Newborn female rats received vehicle or 2 mg/kg/day of a GBH on postnatal days (PND) 1, 3, 5 and 7. On PND90, the rats were mated …
Abstract: Genetically modified (GM) plants expressing insecticidal traits offer a new strategy for crop protection. GM-corn contains Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) genes producing delta endotoxins in the whole plant. Diet can influence the characteristics of the gastrointestinal tract altering its function and structure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of GM-corn on …
Abstract: Glufosinate ammonium, which is a component of the herbicide BASTA, is a phosphinic analog of glutamic acid. Its activity is related to the inhibition of glutamine synthetase. Previous studies demonstrated that glufosinate has no teratogenic potential in rats and rabbits in vivo. In the present study, we determined whether glufosinate could affect embryonic development …
Abstract: The effects of phenoxyacid herbicides 2,4‐D (2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) and MCPA (4‐chloro‐2‐methylphenoxyacetic acid), clofibrate, and glyphosate on hepatic and intestinal drug metabolizing enzyme activities were studied in rats intragastrically exposed for 2 weeks. The hepatic ethoxycoumarin O‐deethylase activity increased about 2‐fold with MCPA. Both 2,4‐D and MCPA increased the hepatic epoxide hydrolase activity and decreased …
Abstract: The conclusion of a 28-day study feeding mice double-stranded (ds)RNA published in this journal was that: “toxicity and target gene expression as surrogate measures of any biologically meaningful absorption/biodistribution or activity of ingested dsRNA. This is because any relevant impact of an absorbed nucleic acid on gene expression (e.g., ability to reach a target …
To the editor: I have carefully read the paper entitled “Long term toxicity of a Roundup herbicide and a Roundup-tolerant genetically modified maize”. I am very familiar with historical publications on this topic. A number of criticisms of this paper have appeared in the media. They appeared shockingly quickly which caused me concern because I …
Abstract: Kalach 360 SL (KL) is a commercial herbicide which contains 360 g/l of glyphosate used in both agricultural and urban areas throughout the world including Tunisia. We aimed to evaluate the effects of KL on rats’ renal system. Female Wistar rats were divided into three groups: group 1 (n = 6) received a standard diet and served …
Abstract: TT51, with a synthetic Cry1Ab/CryAc gene from Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner, was the first genetically modified (GM) plant officially certificated in China. This study was undertaken to investigate potential embryotoxicity of TT51 on rats. Whole embryo culture (WEC) is an effective method for safety evaluation when culture medium, containing substances derived from GM food, is …
Abstract: Roundup (R), a glyphosate (G)-based herbicide (GBH), containing unknown adjuvants is widely dispersed around the world. Used principally by farmers, intoxications have increasingly been reported. We have studied R effects (containing 36 % of G) on right ventricular tissues (male Sprague–Dawley rats, up to 20,000 ppm and female New Zealand rabbits, at 25 and …
Abstract: In glyphosate (G)-based herbicides (GBHs), the declared active principle G is mixed with several adjuvants that help it to penetrate the plants’ cell membranes and its stabilization and liposolubility. Its utilization is growing with genetically modified organisms engineered to tolerate GBH. Millions of farmers suffer poisoning and death in developing countries, and occupational exposures …
Abstract: The impact of sub-lethal doses of herbicides on human health and the environment is a matter of controversy. Due to the fact that evidence particularly of the effects of glyphosate on the central nervous system of rat offspring by in utero exposure is scarce, the purpose of the present study was to assess the …
Abstract: In order to prevent health risk from environmental chemicals, particularly for progeny, we have been performing a risk assessment for various chemicals including therapeutic agents. This paper reports the functional effects of maternal exposure to psychoactive drugs, anticancer drugs, or herbicides on the offspring of rats. Maternal exposure to imipramine in a dose equivalent …
Text: Widespread distribution of genetically modified organisms (GMO) causes great biological risks for human and the Environment. Three kind of biological risks are described usually: ecological, nutrition and agrotechnical. The term genetically modified organisms (GMOs) refers to plants, microbes and animals with genes transferred from other species in order to produce certain novel characteristics (for …
Abstract: Levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) are substantially elevated and more bioactive in the milk of cows hyperstimulated with the biosynthetic bovine growth hormones rBGH, and are further increased by pasteurization. IGF-1 is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, as evidenced by marked growth-promoting effects even in short-term tests in mature rats, and absorption is …
Abstract: This paper reviews the many criticisms of the publication by Seralini et al (2012) which has led to so much controversy, was retracted and then republished in this journal. Seralini et al found that a GM maize and its associated herbicide Roundup resulted in numerous chronic abnormalities in rats. The vehemence of the critics …
