Search Results for: Agrobacterium
Investigating Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Verticillium albo-atrum on plant surfaces
Abstract: Background Agrobacterium tumefaciens has long been known to transform plant tissue in nature as part of its infection process. This natural mechanism has been utilised over the last few decades in laboratories world wide to genetically manipulate many species of plants. More recently this technology has been successfully applied to non-plant organisms in the …
Characterisation of T-DNA loci and vector backbone sequences in transgenic wheat produced by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation
Abstract: Detailed molecular characterisation of transgene loci is a requirement for gaining regulatory approval for environmental release of genetically modified crops. In cereals, it is generally accepted that Agrobacterium-mediated transformation generates cleaner transgene loci with lower copy number and fewer rearrangements than those generated by biolistics. However, in wheat there has been little detailed analysis …
Whole-genome analysis of herbicide-tolerant mutant rice generated by Agrobacterium-mediated gene targeting
Abstract: Gene targeting (GT) is a technique used to modify endogenous genes in target genomes precisely via homologous recombination (HR). Although GT plants are produced using genetic transformation techniques, if the difference between the endogenous and the modified gene is limited to point mutations, GT crops can be considered equivalent to non-genetically modified mutant crops …
Genetic transformation of HeLa cells by Agrobacterium
Abstract: Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a soil phytopathogen that elicits neoplastic growths on the host plant species. In nature, however, Agrobacterium also may encounter organisms belonging to other kingdoms such as insects and animals that feed on the infected plants. Can Agrobacterium, then, also infect animal cells? Here, we report that Agrobacterium attaches to and genetically …
Horizontal gene transfer (2nd edn)
Text: What’s unspeakable in horizontal gene transfer? Horizontal gene transfer is the transfer of genes across species including those in different kingdoms. It goes counter to both modern genetics and the theory of evolution. Disappointingly, little of the momentous significance of the process comes across in a volume replete with detailed examples. GM foods – …
The persistence of engineered Agrobacterium tumefaciens in agroinfected plants
Abstract: Several plant species, including tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), Gynura aurantiaca, avocado (Persea americana), and grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) grafted on Troyer citrange (Poncirus trifoliata x C. sinensis) were “agro-infected” with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA-4404, carrying a mini-Ti plasmid with a dimeric cDNA of citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd). Extracts prepared from tissues of the agroinfected plants 38-90 …
Spontaneous short-range silencing of a GFP transgene in Nicotiana benthamiana is possibly mediated by small quantities of siRNA that do not trigger systemic silencing
Abstract: A green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgene under the control of the 35S cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) promoter was introduced by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation into Nicotiana benthamiana to generate fourteen transgenic lines. Homozygous lines that contained one or two copies of the transgene showed great variation of GFP expression under ultraviolet (UV) light, which allowed classification …
The presence in the offspring of rats unidentified factor transgenic soy at its feeding over several generations
Abstract: Research purpose. Identify the presence of unidentified factor transgenic soybean in posterity of rats at her long-term feeding. Object and research methods. Research conducted on white rats which were kept in the vivarium Vinnitsa National Medical University named M.I. Pirogov. Two groups of rats by 10 goals each fed a standard diet vivarium and …
Transgene inheritance in plants genetically engineered by microprojectile bombardment
Abstract: Microprojectile bombardment to deliver DNA into plant cells represents a major breakthrough in the development of plant transformation technologies and accordingly has resulted in transformation of numerous species considered recalcitrant to Agrobacterium- or protoplast-mediated transformation methods. This article attempts to review the current understanding of the molecular and genetic behavior of transgenes introduced by …
Morphological and cytological features of organism of mice, who consumed genetically modified potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) with gene SMAMP-2
Abstract: The article is devoted to the introduction of transgenic products into the consumer market. The impact of the genetically modified potatoes on the cytological and morphological parameters of mice was investigated. Transgenic potato plants were produced by agrobacterium-mediated transformation using genetic constructions 35S-proSmAMP with marker gene npt11 of the resistance to the kanamycin. An increase in hearts …
Genome scrambling – myth or reality? Transformation-induced mutations in transgenic crop plants
Summary: Internationally, safety regulations of transgenic (genetically modified or GM) crop plants focus primarily on the potential hazards of specific transgenes and their products (e.g. allergenicity of the B. thuringiensis cry3A protein). This emphasis on the transgene and its product is a feature of the case-by-case approach to risk assessment. The case-by-case approach effectively assumes …
Danger use of transgenic Roundup resistant soy in food products children through presence in her of unidentifiable factors
Abstract: Research purpose: Detecting the presence of unidentified factor transgenic roundup resistant soybeans by method biological tests. Object and research methods: Ciliates – Tetrahymena pyriformis, after boiling water extract of soybeans and whole plant GM soybeans and non GM soy, aqueous extract of yolks and egg whites of chickens were fed GM soy (experiment) and …
Genetically modified plants and regulatory loopholes and weaknesses under the plant protection act
Text: In July 2011, in a decision that “upturn[ed]” the biotech industry and “outrage[d] its opponents,” the United States Department of Agriculture’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) announced that it would not regulate a genetically modified (GM) variety of popular lawn grass (1). Scotts Miracle-Gro Company developed a strain of Kentucky Bluegrass that …
The mutational consequences of plant transformation
Abstract: Plant transformation is a genetic engineering tool for introducing transgenes into plant genomes. It is now being used for the breeding of commercial crops. A central feature of transformation is insertion of the transgene into plant chromosomal DNA. Transgene insertion is infrequently, if ever, a precise event. Mutations found at transgene insertion sites include …
Hazard as to the use roundup resistant transgenic soybean food products of people
Abstract: Research purpose. Examine under conditions in vitro effect of aqueous extract of GM roundup resistant soybean compared with soy classical breeding activity propionic acid bacteria are used in starters in the manufacture of hard cheeses with a long shelf life, and the use of transgenic soybeans in feeding chicks and laying hens with the …
Effect of long-term feeding of transgenic soybean on reproductive capacity of pigs
Abstract: Feeding with 2 months of age pigs during the 2nd and 3rd generations of GM soy causes pathologic changes of the reproductive abilities. Mating boar, grown with the use of GM soy with sows that are grown without it shall receive stillborn piglets. When pairing the same boar sows, grown using GM soy, born …
Transformation-induced mutations in transgenic plants: analysis and biosafety implications
Introduction Plant transformation has become an essential tool for plant molecular biologists and, almost simultaneously, transgenic plants have become a major focus of many plant breeding programs. The first transgenic cultivar arrived on the market approximately 15 years ago, and some countries have since commercially approved or deregulated (e.g. the United States) various commodity crops …
Evidence for landscape-level, pollen-mediated gene flow from genetically modified creeping bentgrass with CP4 EPSPS as a marker
Abstract: Sampling methods and results of a gene flow study are described that will be of interest to plant scientists, evolutionary biologists, ecologists, and stakeholders assessing the environmental safety of transgenic crops. This study documents gene flow on a landscape level from creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.), one of the first wind-pollinated, perennial, and highly …
Agroinfection of transgenic plants leads to viable cauliflower mosaic virus by intermolecular recombination
Abstract: Intermolecular reconstitution of a plant virus has been detected in whole plants in a system using a defective cauliflower mosaic virus genome and transgenic host plants containing the missing viral gene. The information for the gene VI protein of the virus was integrated into the chromosome of host Brassica napus plants and leaves of …
Overexpressing exogenous 5-Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-Phosphate Synthase (EPSPS) genes increases fecundity and auxin content of transgenic Arabidopsis plants
Abstract: Transgenic glyphosate-tolerant plants overproducing EPSPS (5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase) may exhibit enhanced fitness in glyphosate-free environments. If so, introgression of transgenes overexpressing EPSPS into wild relative species may lead to increased competitiveness of crop-wild hybrids, resulting in unpredicted environmental impact. Assessing fitness effects of transgenes overexpressing EPSPS in a model plant species can help address this …
Genetically modified organisms and biological risks
Text: Widespread distribution of genetically modified organisms (GMO) causes great biological risks for human and the Environment. Three kind of biological risks are described usually: ecological, nutrition and agrotechnical. The term genetically modified organisms (GMOs) refers to plants, microbes and animals with genes transferred from other species in order to produce certain novel characteristics (for …
Hazardous CaMV promoter?
To the editor: In your account (January 2000) of our prepublication manuscript1, you quote the criticisms but ignore completely our full rebuttal, which was posted on the web last November2. Our manuscript3 reviews and synthesizes the scientific literature on the 35S promoter of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV), used to give constitutive overexpression of transgenes …
